class FilePath(AbstractFilePath[
Known subclasses: twisted.web.static.File
, twisted.web.twcgi.CGIDirectory
Constructor: FilePath(path, alwaysCreate)
Implements interfaces: twisted.python.filepath.IFilePath
I am a path on the filesystem that only permits 'downwards' access.
Instantiate me with a pathname (for example, FilePath('/home/myuser/public_html')) and I will attempt to only provide access to files which reside inside that path. I may be a path to a file, a directory, or a file which does not exist.
The correct way to use me is to instantiate me, and then do ALL filesystem access through me. In other words, do not import the 'os' module; if you need to open a file, call my 'open' method. If you need to list a directory, call my 'path' method.
Even if you pass me a relative path, I will convert that to an absolute path internally.
The type of path when instantiating decides the mode of the FilePath
. That is, FilePath(b"/") will return a bytes
mode FilePath
, and FilePath(u"/") will return a unicode
mode FilePath
. FilePath("/") will return a bytes
mode FilePath
on Python 2, and a unicode
mode FilePath
on Python 3.
Methods that return a new FilePath
use the type of the given subpath to decide its mode. For example, FilePath(b"/").child(u"tmp") will return a unicode
mode FilePath
.
Method | __cmp__ |
Undocumented |
Method | __eq__ |
Undocumented |
Method | __ge__ |
Undocumented |
Method | __getstate__ |
Support serialization by discarding cached os.stat results and returning everything else. |
Method | __gt__ |
Undocumented |
Method | __init__ |
Convert a path string to an absolute path if necessary and initialize the FilePath with the result. |
Method | __le__ |
Undocumented |
Method | __lt__ |
Undocumented |
Method | __ne__ |
Undocumented |
Method | __repr__ |
Undocumented |
Method | as |
Return this FilePath in bytes -mode. |
Method | as |
Return this FilePath in unicode -mode. |
Method | basename |
Retrieve the final component of the file path's path (everything after the final path separator). |
Method | changed |
Clear any cached information about the state of this path on disk. |
Method | child |
Create and return a new FilePath representing a path contained by self. |
Method | child |
Return my first existing child with a name in paths. |
Method | chmod |
Changes the permissions on self, if possible. Propagates errors from os.chmod up. |
Method | clone |
Make an object of the same type as this FilePath, but with path of path. |
Method | copy |
Copies self to destination. |
Method | create |
Exclusively create a file, only if this file previously did not exist. |
Method | create |
Create the directory the FilePath refers to. |
Method | descendant |
Retrieve a child or child's child of this path. |
Method | dirname |
Retrieve all of the components of the FilePath 's path except the last one (everything up to the final path separator). |
Method | exists |
Check if this FilePath exists. |
Method | get |
Retrieve the time that this file was last accessed. |
Method | get |
Retrieves the device containing the file. The inode number and device number together uniquely identify the file, but the device number is not necessarily consistent across reboots or system crashes. |
Method | get |
Returns the group ID of the file. |
Method | get |
Retrieve the file serial number, also called inode number, which distinguishes this file from all other files on the same device. |
Method | get |
Retrieve the time of last access from this file. |
Method | get |
Retrieves the number of hard links to the file. |
Method | get |
Returns the permissions of the file. Should also work on Windows, however, those permissions may not be what is expected in Windows. |
Method | getsize |
Retrieve the size of this file in bytes. |
Method | get |
Retrieve the time of the last status change for this file. |
Method | get |
Returns the user ID of the file's owner. |
Method | glob |
Assuming I am representing a directory, return a list of FilePaths representing my children that match the given pattern. |
Method | isabs |
Check if this FilePath refers to an absolute path. |
Method | is |
Returns whether the underlying path is a block device. |
Method | isdir |
Check if this FilePath refers to a directory. |
Method | isfile |
Check if this file path refers to a regular file. |
Method | islink |
Check if this FilePath points to a symbolic link. |
Method | is |
Returns whether the underlying path is a socket. |
Method | link |
Creates a symlink to self to at the path in the FilePath linkFilePath. |
Method | listdir |
List the base names of the direct children of this FilePath . |
Method | makedirs |
Create all directories not yet existing in path segments, using os.makedirs . |
Method | move |
Move self to destination - basically renaming self to whatever destination is named. |
Method | open |
Open this file using mode or for writing if alwaysCreate is True. |
Method | parent |
A file path for the directory containing the file at this file path. |
Method | parents |
Retrieve an iterator of all the ancestors of this path. |
Method | preauth |
Use me if path might have slashes in it, but you know they're safe. |
Method | realpath |
Returns the absolute target as a FilePath if self is a link, self otherwise. |
Method | remove |
Removes the file or directory that is represented by self. If self.path is a directory, recursively remove all its children before removing the directory. If it's a file or link, just delete it. |
Method | require |
Sets the alwaysCreate variable. |
Method | restat |
Re-calculate cached effects of 'stat'. To refresh information on this path after you know the filesystem may have changed, call this method. |
Method | set |
Replace the file at this path with a new file that contains the given bytes, trying to avoid data-loss in the meanwhile. |
Method | sibling |
Return a FilePath with the same directory as this instance but with a basename of path. |
Method | sibling |
Attempt to return a path with my name, given the extension at ext. |
Method | sibling |
Attempt to return a path with my name, given multiple possible extensions. |
Method | splitext |
Split the file path into a pair (root, ext) such that root + ext == path. |
Method | temporary |
Construct a path referring to a sibling of this path. |
Method | touch |
Updates the access and last modification times of the file at this file path to the current time. Also creates the file if it does not already exist. |
Instance Variable | always |
When opening this file, only succeed if the file does not already exist. |
Instance Variable | path |
The path from which 'downward' traversal is permitted. |
Property | sep |
Return a filesystem separator. |
Method | _as |
Return the path of this FilePath as bytes. |
Method | _as |
Return the path of this FilePath as text. |
Method | _get |
If pattern is bytes, return FilePath.path as bytes . Otherwise, return FilePath.path as unicode . |
Class Variable | _chunk |
Undocumented |
Instance Variable | _statinfo |
Undocumented |
Inherited from AbstractFilePath
:
Method | __hash__ |
Hash the same as another AbstractFilePath with the same path as mine. |
Method | children |
List the children of this path object. |
Method | getatime |
Deprecated. Use getAccessTime instead. |
Method | get |
Retrieve the contents of the file at this path. |
Method | getctime |
Deprecated. Use getStatusChangeTime instead. |
Method | getmtime |
Deprecated. Use getModificationTime instead. |
Method | segments |
Return a list of segments between a child and its ancestor. |
Method | walk |
Yield myself, then each of my children, and each of those children's children in turn. |
Type Variable |
|
Undocumented |
twisted.web.static.File
, twisted.web.twcgi.CGIDirectory
Convert a path string to an absolute path if necessary and initialize the FilePath
with the result.
Create and return a new FilePath
representing a path contained by self.
Parameters | |
path:bytes or unicode | The base name of the new FilePath . If this contains directory separators or parent references it will be rejected. |
Returns | |
FilePath with a mode equal to the type of path. | The child path. |
Raises | |
InsecurePath | If the result of combining this path with path would result in a path which is not a direct child of this path. |
Return my first existing child with a name in paths.
paths is expected to be a list of *pre-secured* path fragments; in most cases this will be specified by a system administrator and not an arbitrary user.
If no appropriately-named children exist, this will return None
.
Returns | |
None or FilePath | None or the child path. |
OtherAnyStr
, alwaysCreate: bool
= False) -> FilePath[ OtherAnyStr]
:
(source)
¶
Make an object of the same type as this FilePath, but with path of path.
Copies self to destination.
If self doesn't exist, an OSError is raised.
If self is a directory, this method copies its children (but not itself) recursively to destination - if destination does not exist as a directory, this method creates it. If destination is a file, an IOError will be raised.
If self is a file, this method copies it to destination. If destination is a file, this method overwrites it. If destination is a directory, an IOError will be raised.
If self is a link (and followLinks is False), self will be copied over as a new symlink with the same target as returned by os.readlink. That means that if it is absolute, both the old and new symlink will link to the same thing. If it's relative, then perhaps not (and it's also possible that this relative link will be broken).
File/directory permissions and ownership will NOT be copied over.
If followLinks is True, symlinks are followed so that they're treated as their targets. In other words, if self is a link, the link's target will be copied. If destination is a link, self will be copied to the destination's target (the actual destination will be destination's target). Symlinks under self (if self is a directory) will be followed and its target's children be copied recursively.
If followLinks is False, symlinks will be copied over as symlinks.
Parameters | |
destination:FilePath[ | the destination (a FilePath) to which self should be copied |
followbool | whether symlinks in self should be treated as links or as their targets |
Retrieve a child or child's child of this path.
Parameters | |
segments:Sequence[ | A sequence of path segments as str instances. |
Returns | |
FilePath[ | A FilePath constructed by looking up the segments[0] child of this path, the segments[1] child of that path, and so on. |
Present Since | |
10.2 | |
Note | |
for type-checking, subclasses should override this signature to make it clear that it returns the subclass and not AbstractFilePath . |
Retrieves the device containing the file. The inode number and device number together uniquely identify the file, but the device number is not necessarily consistent across reboots or system crashes.
Returns | |
int | a number representing the device |
Raises | |
NotImplementedError | if the platform is Windows, since the device number would be 0 for all partitions on a Windows platform |
Present Since | |
11.0 |
Returns the group ID of the file.
Returns | |
int | the group ID of the file |
Raises | |
NotImplementedError | if the platform is Windows, since the GID is always 0 on windows |
Present Since | |
11.0 |
Retrieve the file serial number, also called inode number, which distinguishes this file from all other files on the same device.
Returns | |
int | a number representing the file serial number |
Raises | |
NotImplementedError | if the platform is Windows, since the inode number would be a dummy value for all files in Windows |
Present Since | |
11.0 |
Retrieves the number of hard links to the file.
This count keeps track of how many directories have entries for this file. If the count is ever decremented to zero then the file itself is discarded as soon as no process still holds it open. Symbolic links are not counted in the total.
Returns | |
int | the number of hard links to the file |
Raises | |
NotImplementedError | if the platform is Windows, since Windows doesn't maintain a link count for directories, and os.stat does not set st_nlink on Windows anyway. |
Present Since | |
11.0 |
Returns the permissions of the file. Should also work on Windows, however, those permissions may not be what is expected in Windows.
Returns | |
Permissions | the permissions for the file |
Present Since | |
11.1 |
Retrieve the time of the last status change for this file.
Returns | |
float | a number of seconds from the epoch. |
Returns the user ID of the file's owner.
Returns | |
int | the user ID of the file's owner |
Raises | |
NotImplementedError | if the platform is Windows, since the UID is always 0 on Windows |
Present Since | |
11.0 |
Returns whether the underlying path is a block device.
Returns | |
bool | True if it is a block device, False otherwise |
Present Since | |
11.1 |
Returns whether the underlying path is a socket.
Returns | |
bool | True if it is a socket, False otherwise |
Present Since | |
11.1 |
Creates a symlink to self to at the path in the FilePath
linkFilePath.
Only works on posix systems due to its dependence on os.symlink
. Propagates OSError
s up from os.symlink
if linkFilePath.parent() does not exist, or linkFilePath already exists.
Parameters | |
linkFilePath | a FilePath representing the link to be created. |
Create all directories not yet existing in path segments, using os.makedirs
.
Parameters | |
ignorebool | Don't raise OSError if directory already exists. |
Returns | |
None |
Move self to destination - basically renaming self to whatever destination is named.
If destination is an already-existing directory, moves all children to destination if destination is empty. If destination is a non-empty directory, or destination is a file, an OSError will be raised.
If moving between filesystems, self needs to be copied, and everything that applies to copyTo applies to moveTo.
Parameters | |
destination:FilePath[ | the destination (a FilePath) to which self should be copied |
followbool | whether symlinks in self should be treated as links or as their targets (only applicable when moving between filesystems) |
Open this file using mode or for writing if alwaysCreate is True.
In all cases the file is opened in binary mode, so it is not necessary to include "b" in mode.
Parameters | |
mode:FileMode | The mode to open the file in. Default is "r". |
Returns | |
IO[ | An open file-like object. |
Raises | |
AssertionError | If "a" is included in the mode and alwaysCreate is True. |
Returns the absolute target as a FilePath
if self is a link, self otherwise.
The absolute link is the ultimate file or directory the link refers to (for instance, if the link refers to another link, and another...). If the filesystem does not support symlinks, or if the link is cyclical, raises a LinkError
.
Behaves like os.path.realpath
in that it does not resolve link names in the middle (ex. /x/y/z, y is a link to w - realpath on z will return /x/y/z, not /x/w/z).
Returns | |
FilePath | FilePath of the target path. |
Raises | |
LinkError | if links are not supported or links are cyclical. |
Removes the file or directory that is represented by self. If self.path is a directory, recursively remove all its children before removing the directory. If it's a file or link, just delete it.
Re-calculate cached effects of 'stat'. To refresh information on this path after you know the filesystem may have changed, call this method.
Parameters | |
reraise:bool | a boolean. If true, re-raise exceptions from os.stat ; otherwise, mark this path as not existing, and remove any cached stat information. |
Raises | |
Exception | If reraise is True and an exception occurs while reloading metadata. |
Replace the file at this path with a new file that contains the given bytes, trying to avoid data-loss in the meanwhile.
On UNIX-like platforms, this method does its best to ensure that by the time this method returns, either the old contents or the new contents of the file will be present at this path for subsequent readers regardless of premature device removal, program crash, or power loss, making the following assumptions:
- your filesystem is journaled (i.e. your filesystem will not itself lose data due to power loss)
- your filesystem's rename() is atomic
- your filesystem will not discard new data while preserving new metadata (see http://mjg59.livejournal.com/108257.html for more detail)
On most versions of Windows there is no atomic rename() (see http://bit.ly/win32-overwrite for more information), so this method is slightly less helpful. There is a small window where the file at this path may be deleted before the new file is moved to replace it: however, the new file will be fully written and flushed beforehand so in the unlikely event that there is a crash at that point, it should be possible for the user to manually recover the new version of their data. In the future, Twisted will support atomic file moves on those versions of Windows which do support them: see Twisted ticket 3004.
This method should be safe for use by multiple concurrent processes, but note that it is not easy to predict which process's contents will ultimately end up on disk if they invoke this method at close to the same time.
Parameters | |
content:bytes | The desired contents of the file at this path. |
ext:bytes | An extension to append to the temporary filename used to store the bytes while they are being written. This can be used to make sure that temporary files can be identified by their suffix, for cleanup in case of crashes. |
Return a FilePath
with the same directory as this instance but with a basename of path.
Parameters | |
path:str | The basename of the FilePath to return. |
Returns | |
FilePath | The sibling path. |
Note | |
for type-checking, subclasses should override this signature to make it clear that it returns the subclass and not AbstractFilePath . |
Attempt to return a path with my name, given multiple possible extensions.
Each extension in exts will be tested and the first path which exists will be returned. If no path exists, None
will be returned. If '' is in exts, then if the file referred to by this path exists, self will be returned.
The extension '*' has a magic meaning, which means "any path that begins with self.path + '.' is acceptable".
Split the file path into a pair (root, ext) such that root + ext == path.
Returns | |
tuple | Tuple where the first item is the filename and second item is the file extension. See Python docs for os.path.splitext . |
Construct a path referring to a sibling of this path.
The resulting path will be unpredictable, so that other subprocesses should neither accidentally attempt to refer to the same path before it is created, nor they should other processes be able to guess its name in advance.
Parameters | |
extension:bytes or unicode | A suffix to append to the created filename. (Note that if you want an extension with a '.' you must include the '.' yourself.) |
Returns | |
FilePath with a mode equal to the type of extension | a path object with the given extension suffix, alwaysCreate set to True. |
Updates the access and last modification times of the file at this file path to the current time. Also creates the file if it does not already exist.
Raises | |
Exception | if unable to create or modify the last modification time of the file. |
If pattern is bytes, return FilePath.path
as bytes
. Otherwise, return FilePath.path
as unicode
.
Parameters | |
pattern:OtherAnyStr | The new element of the path that FilePath.path may need to be coerced to match. |
Returns | |
OtherAnyStr | Undocumented |